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Sierra Leone is a presidential representative democratic republic. The elected President is head of state and government and there is a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in the government and the House of Representatives. The judiciary is independent. Civil rights and religious freedoms are respected and a critical press continues to operate. There is a unicameral legislature of 124 members, 112 directly elected and 12 paramount chiefs. Presidential and parliamentary elections are held every five years under universal adult suffrage and proportional representation.
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Coat of Arms
The shield on the arms depicts a lion beneath a zigzag border, representing the Lion Mountains (Serra Lyoa in Portuguese), after which the country was named.
Central Bank
It issues the country's currency, known as the Leone. The bank formulates and implements monetary policy, including foreign exchange.